Book and cover



Dec. 15 1925- H. C. EGERTON BOOK AND COVER Filed Oct. 11, 1918 form of book cover.

Patented Dec. 15, 1925.

UNITED STATES HENRY C. EGERTONyOFRIDGEWOOD, NEW JERSEY.

BOOK AND COVER.

I Application filed October 11, 1918. Serial No. 257,706.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, HENRY C. EonRToN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Ridgewood, county of Bergen, State of New Jersey, have madea certain new and useful Invention Relating to Books and Covers, of which the following is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates especially to books or detachable or other book covers for large or heavy books. The cover back which may be of .canvas or other suitable fabric, may if desired, be toughened and strengthened against wear by being impregnated or coated with rubber or other suitable material and this back member may have integral attaching portions cemented or otherwise secured to the covers. The book covers may if they are to withstand hard usage be advantageously formed of canvas or other fabric or material carrying phenolic condensation cementing material, and a number of layers of canvas, paper or other fabric, may be simultaneously stiffened, strengthened and secured together and cemented to theback member by such cementing material as cured bakelite, condensite or redmanol varnish compositions. It is quite. advantageous in some cases to have vulcanized rubber portions or wear resisting members incorporated with the book covers, and corners or other members thereof may advantageously be secured to the book covers by the same heat curing treatment which cures and solidifies the phenolic condensation cementing material, if desired. Detachablebook covers of this general construction may be formed with flexible securin flaps or members attached to the back an cover membersand a fold of the back fabric may be utilized for this purpose, preferably after bein coated or impregnated withsuitable toug ening strengthening material, such as a light coating of vulcanized rubber, or if desired, a specially soft flexible phenolic condensation cementing material comprising castor oil or other suitable softening agent which may be used to toughen an strengthen the book backin some cases.

In the accompanying drawing showingin a somewhat diagrammatic way illustrative embodiments of the invention, a

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one Fig.- 2 isan enlarged transverse section thereof, parts being shown in separated position for greaterclear'ness'.

F1g. 3 is a sectional view through another book construction; and

Fig. 4: is a corresponding enlarged detail, tion.

As indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, the book back 3 may be formed of one or more layers of canvas or other suitable fabric which may have folded or other attaching portions, such as 7, 8, adapted to be cemented or otherwise attached or secured to the book covers. Phenolic condensation cementing material may advantageousl be used for this purpose, particularly i the book covers are formed of paper, fabric or other fibrous material carrying ormore or less impregnated with such cementing material. A convenient way of forming such attaching portions is to form folds 7, 8 on parts being shown in separated posieither side of the book back and coat or r impregnate suchattaching folds with phenolic condensation cementing material of any suitable character, such, for instance, as bakelite varnish No. 1, which may be conveniently dried, at moderate temperatures of 175 to 200 F. Such impregnated or coated attaching folds may be securely eemented to the cover which may be formed material so as to be suitably stiffened and' strengthened thereby as well, as cemented. As indicatto the other parts of the cover. ed in Fig. 2 the covers may, ifdesired, comprise the canvas layers 10, 11, which may be formed by folding a single sheet of impregnated canvas around one or more intermediate layers 12 of canvas or other fabric, such as paper, etc. which may extend. adjacent the edge of the attaching folds 7. 8 to make the cover member of substantially uniform thickness.

This entire cover member may be cemented together and moulded in shape, and if desired embossed and ornamented, in a suitable mould or press in which it can be submitted to the desired curing heat of 250 to 320 F. more or less for half an hour or an hour or. so until the phenolic condensaunder pressure so as to securely unite all of the parts and force the cementing material uniformly therethrough which gives an extremely strong union and greatly stifiens the cover elements. For some urpose it is desirable to incorporate canized rubber members or portions on the cover, such, for instance, as corner reenforcements 13, which may be carried up around the edges as, at 14 in Fi 2 and a similar vulcanized rubber reen orcing stri 15 may be used, for instance, at the insi e edge of the cover adjacent the back. Sheets or layers of such material may be arranged in proper place on the book covers whenthey are submitted to such a pressure heat curing treatment. A connector strip such as 16 of relatively thin canvas or other fabric and which may have a frictioned or other rubber coating 17 previously provided thereon adjacent the layer 15 of vulcanizable rubber, may be used to promote the union of the rubber to the other elements, the phenolic condensation cementing material sufiiciently engaging and entering this connector fabric urlng the mould ing and curing operation to secure it firmly in place. Such a cover may of course be cemented or united at the same time its elements are cured to the ordinary securing flaps or portions of a book body of any suitable character, or if desired, it may be used as a detachable book cover, in which case it is usually desirable to form thereon special disengageable securing flaps or members;

For t 1s purpose the backfabric ma for instance, be formed with a single or ouble fold or flap such as 4, 5, which may be carried up ad acent the inner edge of each cover member and if desired have an attaching portion 9 extending under one or more of the layers of cover fabric 11. This securing flap is of course preferably relatively flexible, but may advantageously in some cases be strengthened by impregnating or coating it with a suitable rubber composition which may be vulcanized during the heat curing process, or if desired such fla s, which may 1n some cases be provided wit eyelets or reenforced apertures 6, maybe coated or impregnated with a specially flexible phenolic condensation cementing material, such, for instance, as bakelite varnish No. 1 with which has been incorporated suitable pro-. portions of softening agents such as analin, waxy, fatty or oily material, such for example, as 20 to 35 per cent by weight of castor oil which readily unites when mixed with moderate heat with such cementin material. By applying such special phenolic condensation cementing material to the fabric and forcing it into the same preferably when moderately heated the desired degree of penetration or impregnation can readily be secured and when heated for a suflicient time this cementing material is permanently cured, although it retains however considerable flexibility so that the fabric is not undesirably stlff and brittle if suflicient softening material has been used. If desired, the back member may be originally impregnated or coated with such special softened curing bakelite or other henolic condensation cementing material and securing flap portions, and if desired heatcured or treated so as to complete these arts before or after the other parts of the abric constituting the attaching ortions are impregnated withregular har curing cementing material of this general character and cured and cemented to the other cooperatingbook elements.

Figs. 3 and 4 show another arrangement in which a. re ar book body 22 which may have the ordinary tapes 23 and connecting fabric 24 attached thereto so as to form pro-' jecting attaching edges 25 of these fabrics, may be bound in a special book cover and back of this general construction. The cover members 20, 21 may be permanently or temporarily connected to a fabric or other back 30 of canvas or other suitable material roughout the back which may be coated or impregnated with 7 rubber or soft curing bakelite or other henolic condensation cementing material i desired. Thesecover members may comprise canvas qr other layers 26, 28 on the outside thereof and one or more intermediate layers 27 29 of canvas or other cloth, pa er, etc. carrying sufiicient henolic con ensation cementing materi the heat and pressure curing treatment all the parts are permanently cemented together and the fabric sufiicientlystifiened'andstrengthened so as to be desirable for this service. In some cases the cover members may be temporarily connected with the flexible back as by sewing or by partially curing the phenolic condensation cementingrmaterial they contain while leaving one or more of the cover layers such as 28 in relatively uncured condition so that they may be bent back referably when somewhat softened by mo erate heating to insert the attachingends 25 of the book tapes or other securing members which ma be coated or more or less impregnated with such cementin material and then preferably after drying orced into place and the heat curing completed in suitable moulds or presses of any descri tion.

This invention has en described in connection with a number of illustrative embodiments, forms, roportions, elements, parts, sha es, materials, compositions, and methods 0 pre aration, reduction and use, to the details 0 which disclosure the invention is not of course to be limited, since what so that under;

is claimed as new and what is desired to be be secured by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.

I I claim:

1. The book havin covers comprising a pluralit of layers canvas fabric carrying an impregnated with cured henolic condensation cementing material, canized rubber corner and other reenforcements secured to said covers, a flexible canvas fabric back carrying soft cured phenolic condensation cementing material and having attaching portions mcorporated in and cemented to said covers and book elements having connected attaching connecting ortions cemented and permanently connecte to said back and covers.

2. The book having covers comprising a plurality of layers of fabric carrying and impregnated with cured phenolic condensation cementing material, vulcanized rubber reenforcements secured to said covers, a flexible fabric back carrying soft cured phenolic condensation cementing material and having attaching portions incor orated in and cemented to said covers an book elements connected to said back and covers.

3. The book having covers comprising a plurality of layers carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a flexible fabric back carrying soft cured phenolic condensation cementing material and having attaching portions incorporated in and cemented to said covers and book elements connected to said back and covers.

4. The book having covers comprising a plurality of layers of fabric carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a flexible canvas fabric back having attaching portions incorporated in and cemented to said covers and book elements having connected attaching conecting portions cemented and permanentl connected to said back and covers by siic phenolic condensation cementing material.

The book having covers comprising fabric carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a flexible fabric back having attaching portions cemented to said covers by such phenolic condensation cementing material and book elements connected to said back and covers.

6. The book having covers comprising fabric carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a. flexible back connected to said covers by such phenolic condensation cementing material and book elements connected to said back and covers.

' 7. The book having covers comprising a plurality of layers of fabric carrying and impregnated with cured phenolic condensation cementing material, vucanized rubber corner and other reenforcementssecured to said covers, a flexible fabric back having portions cemented to said covers by such phenolic condensation cementingmaterial and book elements connected to said back and covers.

8. The book having covers com risin fabric carrying and impregnated wit cure phenolic condensation cementing material, vulca izcd rubber reenforcements vulcanized to said covers, a flexible fabric back having portions cemented to said covers and book elements connected to said back and covers.

9. The book covers comprising fabric carrying and impregnated with cured phenolic condensation cementing material, vulcanized rubber reenforcements secured to said covers and a flexible back having portions cemented to said covers.

10. The book cover comprising stiffened cover members having a plurality of layers of fabric carrying and impregnated with cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a flexible fabric back carrying soft cured phenolic condensation cementing, material and having attaching portions incorpgrated in and cemented to said cover memrs and flexible attaching members connected to said back cover members.

11. The book cover comprising stiffened cover members carrying cured henolic condensation cementing materia, a flexible fabric back having attaching portions incorporated in and cemented to said cover members by such phenolic condensation cementing material and flexible attaching ggembers connected to said back cover mem- 12. The book cover comprising stiffened cover members carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a flexible fabric back connected to said cover members by such phenolic condensation cementing material and flexible attaching members connected to said back cover members.

13. The book cover comprising stifi'ened cover members carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, and a back connected to said cover members by such phenolic condensation cementing material.

14. The detachable book cover comprising stiffened cover members having a plurality of layers of fabric carrying and impregnated with cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a flexible fabric back having portions incorporated in and cemented to said cover members by such phenolic condensation cementing material and flexiblefabric securing members united to said back and cover members.

15. The detachable book cover comprising stiffened cover members having fabric carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a flexible back having portions incorporated in and cemented to said cover members by such phenolic condensation cementing material and securing Lnembers united to said back and cover memers.

16. The book cover comprising stiffened cover members of fabric carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material, a back connected to said cover members and wear resisting cushioning) reenforcements including vulcanized rub said cover members.

17. The detachable book cover comprising stiffened cover members carrying cured phenolic condensation cementing material and corner or other wear resisting cushioning reenforcements including vulcanized rubber heat united to said cover members.

18. The detachable book cover comprising stiffened cover members comprising fibrous material and incorporated cured phenolic condensation cementing material and cushioning reenforcements including fibrous material heat united to said cover members by such phenolic condensation cementing material.

19. A book cover comprising superimposed layers of fibrous material impregnated with a hardened binder and a hinge member interposed between certain of the layers and extending be 0nd the edges thereof.

20. A boo cover comprising superimposed layers of fibrous material impregnated with a hardened phenolic condensation product and a hinge member interposed between certain of the layers and extending beyond the edges thereof.

21. A book cover comprising superimer heat united to posed layers of duck impregnated with a hardened binder and a hinge member interposed between certain of the layers and extending from the edges thereof.

22. A book cover comprising a plurality of plates including layers of duck impregnated with a hardened binder and a hinge member interposed between certain of the layers of each plate and extending beyond the edges thereof whereby the plates may be connected together.

23. A book cover including a plurality of plates comprising superimposed layers or sheet material impregnated with a hardened phenolic condensation product and a layer of material molded to each plate having a pliable portion which connects the plates.

24. A book cover comprising a plurality of plates including layers of duck impregnated with a hardened binder and a ortion of untreated material having one of its ends interposed between certain of the layers of each plate.

25. A book cover includin a plurality of plates comprising layers of brous material impregnated with a phenolic condensation product and a portion of untreated material iaving one of its ends interposed between certain of the layers of each plate, the assembled structure having been subjected to heat and pressure in a mold to compact the material and harden the phenolic condensation product.

' HENRY C. EGERTON. 

